Bibliography

Websites

Biography.com, n.d, Cecil Beaton Biography, Viewed Oct 5th 2015, available from
http://www.biography.com/people/cecil-beaton-38501#synopsis 

Famous Photographers, n.d, Erwin Blumenfeld, Viewed Oct 5th 2015, available from
http://www.famousphotographers.net/erwin-blumenfeld 

Avedon Foundation, n.d, Richard Avedon, Viewed Oct 5th 2015, available from
http://www.avedonfoundation.org/about/ 

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2006, David Bailey British Photographer, Viewed Oct 5th 2015, available from
http://www.britannica.com/biography/David-Bailey 

Helmut Newton Foundation, n.d, Biography, Viewed Oct 6th 2015, available from
http://www.helmut-newton.com/helmut_newton/biography/

Louise Alexander Gallery, n.d, Guy Bourdin, Viewed Oct 6th 2015, available from
https://www.louise-alexander.com/artist/guy-bourdin/

Herb Ritts, n.d, Biography, Viewed Oct 6th 2015, available from
http://www.herbritts.com/#/about/biography/ 

George Hurrell Master Of Hollywood Glamour Photography, n.d, George Hurrell, Viewed Oct 6th 2015, available from
http://georgehurrell.com/george-hurrell/

Barrington.k, 2012, Patrick Demarchelier, Viewed Oct 6th 2015, available from
http://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/biographies/patrick-demarchelier

Wikipedia, 2015, Mario Testino, Viewed Oct 6th 2015, available from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Testino 

Rankin, n.d, Biography, Viewed Oct 6th 2015, available from
http://rankin.co.uk/biography/

Wikipedia, 2015, Ellen Von Unwerth, Viewed Oct 6th 2015, available from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellen_von_Unwerth 

Hamilton.K, 2014, Laura Mulvey and The Male Gaze Theory, Viewed 12th Oct 2015, available from http://katiehamilton25.blogspot.co.uk/2012/09/the-male-gaze-theory.html

Alderson.R, 2011, Yolanda Dominguez, Viewed 12th Oct 2015, available from, http://www.itsnicethat.com/articles/yolanda-dominguez

Videos

Gionson.D, 2015, In Vogue - The Editors Eye, Viewed 20th Oct 2015, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZbTHTmRd94E
Youtube, contesian, 2015, seven photographs that changed fashion, viewed 6th oct 2015, available from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6o2qXQmwwE&list=PLHF6caDEqgLhNK6L2SJevuNrqwM2j1Bho
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mPhGvj5GBeI&index=2&list=PLHF6caDEqgLhNK6L2SJevuNrqwM2j1Bho
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W2gRuDqpacs&list=PLHF6caDEqgLhNK6L2SJevuNrqwM2j1Bho&index=3
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kuoTMHBnrxw&index=4&list=PLHF6caDEqgLhNK6L2SJevuNrqwM2j1Bho
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kj5O0sRXSlQ&list=PLHF6caDEqgLhNK6L2SJevuNrqwM2j1Bho&index=5
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k30Wu2fwhEQ&index=6&list=PLHF6caDEqgLhNK6L2SJevuNrqwM2j1Bho
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYKrbEk0OkA&index=7&list=PLHF6caDEqgLhNK6L2SJevuNrqwM2j1Bho
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m2iyIS7lfeY&index=8&list=PLHF6caDEqgLhNK6L2SJevuNrqwM2j1Bho

Images

Hair pose, viewed 28th nov 2015, available from 

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/444941638160294298/

Hair Pose viewed 28th nov 2015, available from 

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/324611085616887702/

Profile, viewed 28th nov 2015, available from

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/408912841142241340/

Profile, viewed 28th nov 2015, available from

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/498984833691146279/

Profile, viewed 28th nov 2015, available from

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/500110733596243913/

Profile, viewed 28th Nov 2015, available from 

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/323555554449675733/

Side profile, viewed 28th nov 2015, available from

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/334040497334886306/

Side profile, viewed 28th nov 2015, available from 

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/514325219921409021/

Side profile, viewed 28th nov 2015, available from

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/332422016221409085/

Marylin, Bart Stein, 1962, viewed 23rd oct 2015, all images available from 

https://pleasurephoto.wordpress.com/tag/the-last-sitting/page/2/

Alice in wonderland shoot, Annie Leibovitz, 2003, available from 

http://bubblepunch.com/2009/09/september-full-of-grace/

http://www.lelalondon.com/2010/08/grace-coddington-memoir/

https://pointytoeshoecrew.wordpress.com/2014/04/09/throwback-thursday-alice-in-wonderland-by-grace-coddington-2003/

http://fashionblog-cococouture.blogspot.co.uk/2011/02/glossy-dreams-my-favorite-magazine.html

Gaga, Mario testino, 2011, viewed 23rd oct 2015, available from 
http://www.mymodernmet.com/profiles/blogs/mario-testino-shoots-lady-gaga

Inspired, Irving penn, 1996, viewed 23rd Oct 2015, available from
http://inside.marissa-webb.com/inspired-irving-penn/

The valley of dolls, Steven Klein, 2012, viewed 23rd oct 2015, available from 
http://search.proquest.com/docview/1037257759?accountid=13969

Vogue nov 1988, viewed 23rd oct 2015, available from
http://perezhilton.com/tag/carlyne_cerf_de_dudzeele/#.Vlngx4TPxsN

Bathhouse, Deborah Turbeville, vogue 1975, viewed 23rd oct 2015, available from
http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2013/10/28/fashion-photographer-deborah-turbeville-dies-aged-81

The great fur caravan, Richard Avedon, 1996, viewed 23rd oct 2015, available from 
https://www.tumblr.com/search/the%20great%20fur%20caravan

Nastassja Kinski, Richard Avedon, 1981, viewed 23rd oct 2015, available from
http://agnautacouture.com/2014/07/20/polly-mellen-styled-the-controversial-bathhouse-series-nastassja-kinski/  

Katy perry killer queen, viewed 13th oct 2015, available from 
http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/the-hook/5687329/katy-perry-releases-killer-queen-perfume 

Cara - Vogue Aus, 2013, viewed 13th oct 2015, available from 
http://www.fashiongonerogue.com/cara-delevingne-channels-royalty-vogue-australia-shoot-benny-horne/

Nike, viewed 13th oct 2015, available from 
http://www.coloribus.com/adsarchive/online/nike-nikewomencom-14768405/

Florence, viewed 13th oct 2015, available from
http://www.mtv.com/news/2517176/kristen-stewart-jennifer-lawrence-vogue/

Blake, viewed 13th oct 2015, available from
http://imgbuddy.com/blake-lively-black-and-white-tumblr.asp

Evaluation of Project

Overall i am very happy with the outcome of my photoshoot. I chose to use a soft lighting to create a glow on the skin and enhance the gentle colours of the makeup. I use side and front on lighting to get my photos. 
I chose to use rose gold as my main colour as its very soft and natural bit still adds a little colour to the face, I think this looks effective in my colour photos but isn't very visible in my black and white photos. I chose to curl my models hair because i wanted to add some texture and movement to the hair. Her hair is usually very straight so to add a little more texture i curled it then brushed out the curls to give the hair a slight wave. 
I have really enjoyed this project brief, more than i first thought i would because photography has never been something that interested me before . At first learning about the camera settings and types of lighting was very overwhelming but after a few practice sessions i began to understand and found adjusting everything a lot easier.  I have learnt a lot about how adjusting the camera settings and the lighting set up can make a difference to the image produced.
I researched different images to give me inspiration on poses and lighting for my final shoot, i created a list of poses to give my model an idea of what i was looking for. 
My favourite pose from this photoshoot is from one of my black and white images, the model lies on the floor with her hair spread around her, i like this because i think its quite different from many other beauty images. 
If i were to repeat this brief i would shoot my final images in two separate photoshoots, one for my  colour and one for my black and white images. I would do this because i feel the makeup in the black and white images could be slightly stronger to make it more visible in the photos. 

Best Images From Photoshoot

Mood board - Created Using Photoshop

Using photoshop to create a moodboard:
Edit page size to the desired moodboard size.
Use rulers to create guidelines for the photos.
Add in the chosen images.
Use the clipping mask to remove any parts of the image that are overlapping the guide lines.

Editing Photos

Adobe Bridge:

- Allows you to organise media,

- Gives access to RAW plug in without Photoshop.

Importing photos;

Photo downloader --> location pictures --> save copies to memory stick.

Advanced dialog --> select photos you want over ones you don't. 

Click get media.

Camera RAW 

For a neutral colour all RGB values should be the same.

Lightest 255, Neutral 128, Darkest 0.

Achieving neutral - Use colour sampler on the photo, use white balance to set neutral colours.

Adjusting contrast - evens the colours. 

Clarity - makes image clearer.

Saturation - brightens colour (can make skin too bright).

Vibrance - makes colour brighter.

Effects --> Vignette - lighter or darker edges.

Reformatting

Desktop --> Utilities --> Disk utilities
Click on memory stick
Erase
Format MS-DOS (FAT32)
Click erase

Photography Pinterest Colour Mood board

https://www.pinterest.com/jessica_c_baker/digital-image-production-mood-board/

Mood Boards Based On Words

The word i picked from the dictionary was ginger.

Below are the mood boards i created from my interpretation of the word. 

With the mood boards i was immediately drawn to images of models with big hair, curls and plenty of volume. I think this is because i think of ginger as a strong bold colour, making an impact in the room. 

I also really liked the image of the lion as its seen as a fierce animal showing strength, power and importance, all things i think ginger can symbolise.

As ginger is a pretty unique colour i see it as special, i included the golds and sparkles as i think they symbolise importance and status. 

I included the bright colours as they are bold and make an impact. 

All the model posing on these moodboard are standing in empowering ways that make them look dominant and authoritative both things i associate with ginger. 

Model Pose Inspiration

Side Profile Poses 

Side profile, viewed 28th Nov 2015, available from - https://www.pinterest.com/pin/332422016221409085/

Side Profile, viewed 28th Nov 2015, Available from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/514325219921409021/

Side Profile, Viewed 28th Nov 2015, Available from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/334040497334886306/

Front Facing Poses 

Profile, Viewed 28th Nov 2015, Available from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/323555554449675733/

Profile, Viewed 28th Nov 2015, Available from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/500110733596243913/ 

Profile, Viewed 29th Nov 2015, Available from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/498984833691146279/

Profile, Viewed 28th Nov 2015, Available from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/408912841142241340/

Hair poses

Hair Pose, Viewed 28th Nov 2015, Available from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/324611085616887702/

Hair Pose, Viewed 28th Nov 2015, Available from https://www.pinterest.com/pin/444941638160294298/

Planning A Photography Shoot

When planning a photoshoot always consider the theme. Is it contemporary, abstract, futuristic?
Our theme is 'The Perfect Base'

Consider:
- Image interpretation e.g do you want the model to appear excited, happy, sad.
- Clothes & Accessories
- Makeup & Hair

Create a mood board of your ideas including;
- lighting and mood,
- Colour scheme,
- Makeup & hair,
- Poses & expressions,
- Camera angles.

Lighting

Lighting from the front

With these image we placed the lighting in front of the models so it was shining directing onto them. We changed around the depth of perception to make the camera focus on each model separately, the aperture was changed from 4 to 6. 

We used reflectors to light up the shadows under the eyes and chin and to define the cheekbones. 

Silhouette 

To get these images the lighting box was placed behind the model and turned up high. We decided the first images were too bright so we removed the white reflector that was behind the camera to stop so much light bouncing back onto the model giving us a more defined image. 

Side Lighting - Black background 

These images were lit from the side.
We changed the aperture from 14 to 10 to allow more light into the image as less was reflecting off the background.

Side Lighting - White Wall 

A lot of light was reflected off the background and opposite wall when we took the first images. We changed the aperture from 8 to 10 to restrict the amount of light entering the lens.

From taking these images we learnt that different skin types/tones react and reflect light differently. After the first image we changed the aperture for the second image and the difference is easy to see, the face is a lot less over exposed. When we changed models we changed the aperture back as Sophies skin reflected light differently and her images were darker.

Cat Eye 

To create the cat eye effect two soft boxes where placed in front of the model, one on each side. The first images came out overexposed so we reduced the strength of the flash giving us a darker more defined image with a cat eye effect on the eyes. 

Lighting From Above 

To create these images the soft box was placed above the model. The first image was taken without a reflector, its dark and there are a lot of shadows. We placed a reflector in the floor under the model and lit up the face, removing all the shadows from the cheeks, eyes, chin and forehead.

120 Years of Vogue

Documentary 
Gionson.D, 2015, In Vogue - The Editors Eye, Viewed 20th Oct 2015, Available from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZbTHTmRd94E

The first edition of Vogue was published in 1892 and in 2012 it celebrated its 120th anniversary. Vogue began as a social magazine featuring mainly illustrations. In 1909 it began featuring womens fashion and featured its first photo cover. In 1932 it featured its first coloured photo cover.
Vogue has always used fashion to reflect the times, the fashion editors are responsible for creating the images published in the magazine.
Over the years vogue has had many fashion editors;

• Babs Simpson -  fashion editor from 1947-1972. One of the most famous shoots Babs is responsible for feature some of the last shots ever taken of Marilyn Monroe wearing Christian Dior in 1962. These photographs were taken by Bert Stein.

  

  Marilyn - Bart Stein 1962

  

  Marilyn - Bart Stein 1962

  

  Marilyn - Bart Stein 1962

• Grace Coddington - fashion editor 1988-1995, Creative Director 1995-Present. One of Grace's most famous shoots has to be the 'Alice in Wonderland edition' from 2003, she persuaded the designers to feature in the shoot as characters; Christian Lacroix was the march hare, Tom Ford the White Rabbit, Marc Jacobs played the caterpillar, Stephan Jones was the mad hatter, John Galliano the queen of hearts and Viktor and Rolf were Tweedledum and Tweedledee Whilst model Natalia Vodianova was Alice. The shoot was photographed by Annie Leibovitz. 



Mad Hatters Tea Party - Annie  Leibovitz -2003








Queen of Hearts - Annie Leibovitz 2003 



The Blue Caterpillar - Annie Leibovitz 2003






Tweedledum & Tweedledee - Annie Leibovitz 2003

I absolutely love this photoshoot, it came straight from the pages of the novel by Lewis Carrol, yet the modern theme makes it look like it inspired the Tim Burton film remake released in 2010.


• Tonne Goodman - fashion editor from 1999 - present. I think one of tonnes most famous shoots has to be the 'Power issue' featuring Lady Gaga from March 2011. This shoot was photographed by Mario Testing at the Royal Museum of Fine Arts in Belgium in November 2010. The makeup artist on this shoot was Linda Castello and the outfits are by designers; Alexander McQueen, Louis Vuitton and Haider Ackermann.

Lady Gaga, Mario Testino, 2011

Lady Gaga, Mario Testino, 2011

Lady Gaga, Mario Testino, 2011

• Phyllis Posnick - executive fashion editor 1987 - present. Phyllis manages to create some incredible fashion images using everyday issues and objects. One of the most well known features would probably be 'cult cream' an article about woman and expensive moisturisers featured in the June edition 1996. This shoot was photographed by Irving Penn. 'Pace/Macgill Gallery, 2013, Irving Penn - On Assignment, Viewed 23rd Oct 2015, http://www.pacemacgill.com/penn_wall_texts.php?item=121#posnick'

  

  Inspired, Irving Penn, 1996
  

  
  

Another well known piece of Phyllis work is an article on the fear of ageing in this generation called 'Fast Forward'. I really love this shoot, although its pretty creepy it makes you think about what people are willing to go through in order to stay looking younger. 'This new face of indeterminate age is sculpted with heavy handed injectables and surgical nips. Forty years olds look twenty and twenty year olds look forty...It's not ageless; it's space age.' The vogue archive, 2012, Fashion and Features - Fast Forward, viewed 23rd  Oct 2015, http://search.proquest.com/docview/1037257759?accountid=13969

The Valley of Dolls, Steven Klein, 2012

The Valley of Dolls, Steven Klein, 2012

• Carylne Cerf De Dudzeele - fashion editor 1988. Carylne is responsible for Anna Wintours most iconic cover by styling model Michaela Bercu in an embellished Christian LaCroix couture top and Guess jeans.

Vogue cover, November 1988

• Polly Mellen - fashion editor from 1966-1991. Polly Mellen is responsible for some of Vogues most controversial shoots. 'Bathhouse' became a scandal to vogue reader causing many to pull their subscription as they related the images to Dachau (concentration camp) and drug addicts. The shoot took place at Asser Levy Bath House, New York by photographer Deborah Turbeville. 

Bathhouse, Deborah Turbeville, Vogue 1975

Bathhouse, Deborah Turbeville, Vogue 1975

Bathhouse, Deborah Turbeville, Vogue 1975

In 1966 Vogue did something no-one had done before sending a team to Japan during the winter to shoot some amazing fashion shots. It was one of Pollys fist assignments for vogue, it was a five week trip with supermodel Veruschka and photographer Richard Avedon. Known as 'The Great Fur Caravan' the shoot was dedicated to the beauty of fur. 'A.G.Nauia.Couiure, n.d, Veruscha in perhaps the worlds most epic fashion story, Viewed 23rd Oct 2015, http://agnautacouture.com/2014/07/13/veruschka-in-perhaps-the-most-epic-fashion-story/

The Great Fur Caravan, Richard Avedon, 1996

The Great Fur Caravan, Richard Avedon, 1996

In 1981 Mellen was part of a shoot featuring Nastassja Kinski, on talking to the actress she learned she loved animals, especially snakes, resulting in this famous images of Kinski wearing a snake that polly liked to think was 'kissing her ear'. It illustrates fashion is more than just clothes.

Nastassja Kinski, Richard Avedon, 1981